» "The Mind as the Software of the Brain" by Ned Block    Cognitive scientists often say that the mind is the software of the brain. This chapter is about what this claim means.    http://www.nyu.edu/gsas/dept/philo/faculty/block/papers/msb.html

» A bottom-up approach with a clear view of the top    Online paper by G. F. Miller and P. M. Todd.    http://www-abc.mpib-berlin.mpg.de/users/ptodd/publications/94revevpsy/94revevpsya.htm

» An Evolutionary Hypothesis For Obsessive Compulsive Disorder    Abed, Riadh T and de Pauw, Karel W (1999) An Evolutionary Hypothesis for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: A Psychological Immune System?. Behavioural Neurology 11:245-250.    http://cogprints.org/1147/

» Ancestors    Meave Leakey discusses her team's recent skull find suggesting a new human ancestor.    http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2001/04/0417_leakeyinterview.html

» Animal Soul    A history of the idea and a critique of reductionism. It appeared in Paul Edwards, ed., 'The Encyclopedia of Philosophy.'    http://www.human-nature.com/rmyoung/papers/paper59.html

» Animal cognition and animal minds    A paper by Colin Allen.    http://colinallen.dnsalias.org/TAMU/Abstracts/cogminds.html

» Assault on Evolution    Larry Arnhart on the activities of "intelligent design theorists".    http://www.salon.com/books/feature/2001/02/28/idt/index.html

» Association of Ideas    This essay appeared in Philip P. Wiener, ed., 'Dictionary of the History of Ideas'.    http://www.human-nature.com/rmyoung/papers/paper58.html

» Baboon Key to Human Stress    Article describes how the stresses and strains that afflict humans are evident in baboon societies. Also suggests that both species share the long-term health effects.    http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/in_depth/sci_tech/2001/san_francisco/1173924.stm

» Behavior and the General Evolutionary Process    Paper by William Baum.    http://cogprints.org/1051/

» Behavioral inferences from the Skhul/Qafzeh early modern human hand remains    These results support the inference of significant behavioral differences between Neanderthals and the Skhul/Qafzeh hominids and indicate that a significant shift in human manipulative behaviors was associated with the earliest stages of the emergence of    http://www.pnas.org/cgi/content/full/041588898v1

» Bottlenose dolphins and theory of mind    Bottlenose dolphins can recognize themselves in a mirror, an advanced intellectual ability observed previously only in humans and apes.    http://www.pnas.org/cgi/content/abstract/101086398v1

» Chimps touched by television    Chimpanzees are moved by fearful or appealing television scenes.    http://www.nature.com/nsu/010419/010419-2.html

» Darwin and the Genre of Biography    Published in G. Levine, ed., 'One Culture: Essays in Science and Literature'. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1987, pp. 203-24.    http://www.human-nature.com/rmyoung/papers/paper48.html

» Darwin on the Evolution of Morality    Paper presented for the session on the 19th century biology, International Fellows Conference (Center for Philosophy of Science, Univ. of Pittsburgh), May 20-24, Castiglioncello, Italy by Soshichi Uchii, Kyoto University.    http://www.bun.kyoto-u.ac.jp/~suchii/D.onM.html

» Darwin's Metaphor and the Philosophy of Science    This was first presented to the Piaget Seminar, University of Geneva, about 1986 and published in Science as Culture (no. 16) 3: 375-403, 1993. It draws out the philosophical implications of 'Darwin's Metaphor' (Cambridge, 1985), in particular, the role o    http://www.human-nature.com/rmyoung/papers/paper8.html

» Darwin's darling    A profile of Helena Cronin.    http://www.guardian.co.uk/Archive/Article/0,4273,3896379,00.html

» Darwin, Marx, Freud and the Foundations of the Human Sciences    This is a talk on the grand view of the human sciences, presented to CHEIRON, the European Society for the History of the Behavioural Sciences and reprinted in its Newsletter, Spring 1988, pp. 7-12.    http://www.human-nature.com/rmyoung/papers/paper9.html

» Darwin: Man and Metaphor    This is the text of a television documentary in the series 'Late Great Victorians', BBC1, 1988. It was also published in Science as Culture no. 5: 71-86, 1989.    http://www.human-nature.com/rmyoung/papers/paper7.html

» Darwinism and the Division of Labour    The founding conference of the British Society for the Social Responsibility in Science in November 1970, was on the theme, 'The Social Impact of Modern Biology'. The conference was attended by a number of eminent scientists, e.g., Nobel Laureates James W    http://www.human-nature.com/rmyoung/papers/pap109.html

» Darwinism is Social    This essay appeared on David Kohn, ed., 'The Darwinian Heritage'. Princeton and Nova Pacifica, 1985, pp. 609-638.    http://www.human-nature.com/rmyoung/papers/paper60.html

» Did the Caveman Teach Us to Queue?    Chris Horrie provides a critique of the discipline in this BBC News article.    http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/1184388.stm

» Domestication's Family Tree    DNA is revealing that taming animals was not a simple process.    http://www.economist.com/science/displayStory.cfm?Story_ID=587270

» Dreams    Matthew Wilson contends that animals do have complex dreams.    http://web.mit.edu/newsoffice/nr/2001/dreaming.html

» Evolution, Biology and Psychology from a Marxist Point of View    This article is largely historical, but the issues remain timely.    http://www.human-nature.com/rmyoung/papers/paper46.html

» Evolution, Teleology, Intentionality    Online paper by Daniel Dennett.    http://ase.tufts.edu/cogstud/papers/evoltele.htm

» Evolutionary Biology and Ideology: Then and Now    A paper contributed to a conference on 'The Social Impact of Modern Biology'. It appeared in Science Studies 1: 177-296, 1971.    http://www.human-nature.com/rmyoung/papers/paper38.html

» Evolutionary Ethics and Biologically Supportable Morality    A paper by Michael Byron.    http://www.bu.edu/wcp/Papers/TEth/TEthByro.htm

» Evolutionary theory and the psychology of eating    Online paper by A. W. Logue.    http://darwin.baruch.cuny.edu/faculty/LogueA.html

» Fear makes worms turn friendly    A single gene influences the social behaviour of worms.    http://www.nature.com/nsu/010503/010503-1.html

» Functional Origins of Religious Concepts    This is a profound essay on the role of religion from an evolutionary perspective. Pascal Boyer, the author, is one of the rising stars in evolutionary theory in the social sciences.    http://www.sscnet.ucla.edu/anthro/bec/papers/boyer_religious_concepts.htm

» Gene-Trapping Method Powers Discovery of New Brain-Wiring Signals    Marc Tessier-Lavigne and William C. Skarnes unveil a technique that "enables scientists to identify new genes and to determine which genes are responsible for defects in brain wiring that are observed during development".    http://www.hhmi.org/news/tessier4.html

» Genes, culture and human freedom    Like every other organism, humans are shaped by both nature and nurture. But unlike any other organism, we are defined by our ability to transcend both. Article by Kenan Malik.    http://www.spiked-online.com/Articles/00000000552D.htm

» Genetics    The British Medical Journal publishes a special edition "putting genetics into perspective".    http://bmj.com/cgi/content/full/322/7293/1005

» Get Real    Daniel Dennett responds to his critics.    http://ase.tufts.edu/cogstud/papers/getreal.htm

» Guardian Unlimited - And Darwin created us all    As two of the world's great Darwinists prepare to debate whether science is killing the soul, Tim Radford asks if natural selection is the key to life, the universe, and everything.    http://www.guardian.co.uk/Archive/Article/0,4273,3817786,00.html

» Has psychology become respectable at last?    The past decade witnessed the surge of "evolutionary psychology". Its most thoughtful exponents, such as Robert Plomin, are confident that economics, education and sociology will all benefit from evolutionary psychology and gene mapping.    http://www.guardian.co.uk/Archive/Article/0,4273,4150424,00.html

» Herbert Spencer and Inevitable Progress    Spencer is so grandiose that it is hard to summarize his ideas, yet he was one of the most influential thinkers in nineteenth-century Britain, and his ideas were an inspiration around the world. His version of evolution was utterly generalised in all the    http://www.human-nature.com/rmyoung/papers/paper84.html

» How Hardwired Is Human Behavior?    Abstract and electronic delivery of Nigel Nicholson's paper in the Harvard Business Review.    http://www.hbsp.harvard.edu/products/hbr/julaug98/98406.html

» Human genome - overview - press releases    Comprehensive information on the first draft of the human genome from Nature.    http://www.nature.com/genomics/human/overview/press-releases.html

» Humans and Other Animals    How much do we share with the birds of the air and the beasts of the field? Article by John Wilson at Christianity Today.    http://www.christianitytoday.com/ct/2000/135/11.0.html

» Humans-Who Are We? - Official Web Site    Humans are brimming with unique traits that do not fit the animal mold - according to the Jehovah's Witnesses.    http://www.watchtower.org/library/g/1998/6/22/article_01.htm

» IQ and longevity    Results of an intelligence test, given to all 11-year olds attending Aberdeen schools in 1932, were used to determine survival up to 76 years. Of 2,230 subjects traced, those who died before 1 January 1997 had a significantly lower IQ at age 11 years than    http://bmj.com/cgi/content/full/322/7290/871/a

» In Favor of Animal Consciousness    An excerpt from Animal Minds: Beyond Cognition to Consciousness by Donald R. Griffin, the creator of the field of cognitive ethology.    http://www.press.uchicago.edu/Misc/Chicago/308650.html

» Individualism and Evolutionary Psychology    Online paper by David Buller.    http://cogprints.org/328/

» Intentionality detection and "mindreading": Why does game form matter? PNAS -- McCabe et al. 97 (8): 4404    By around the age of 4 years, children "can work out what people might know, think or believe" based on what they say or do. This is called "mindreading," which builds upon the human ability to infer the intentions of others.    http://www.pnas.org/cgi/content/full/97/8/4404

» Is There a Normal Phase of Synaesthesia in Development?    A paper in Psyche by Simon Baron-Cohen.    http://psyche.cs.monash.edu.au/v2/psyche-2-27-baron_cohen.html

» Malthus on Man - In Animals no Moral Restraint    A paper was presented to a conference on 'Malthus, Medicine and Science' organised by Roy Porter at the Wellcome Institute, London, on 20 March 1998.    http://www.human-nature.com/rmyoung/papers/pap107.html

» Memes and the Exploitation of Imagination    Online paper by Daniel Dennett.    http://ase.tufts.edu/cogstud/papers/memeimag.htm

» Men Show Feelings In Lower Left Quadrant Of Face    When it comes to emotions men and women are equally expressive, but men display most of their joy, disgust or other sentiments in the lower left quadrant of their face. Women, on the other hand, show their emotions across their entire countenance.    http://unisci.com/stories/20011/0216014.htm

» Men fish for compliments    The menfolk of the Meriam, a people who live on islands off the northeast tip of Australia, spend their time spear-fishing and turtle-hunting, but are they really fishing for compliments?    http://www.nature.com/nsu/010412/010412-1.html

» Menarche    Any decrease in average menarcheal age during the past 20-30 years has been small (almost certainly less than six months), particularly when compared with the reduction of a year or more that occurred in many European countries between the late 19th and m    http://bmj.com/cgi/content/full/322/7294/1095

» Mozart 'can cut epilepsy'    Music, particularly Mozart, could have a therapeutic effect on epilepsy, say scientists.    http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/health/1251839.stm

» NYTimes.com: Exuberance is Rational    Richard Thaler has led a revolution in the study of economics by understanding the strange ways people behave with their money.    http://www.nytimes.com/library/magazine/home/20010211mag-econ.html

» Neurobiology of laughter    Did you hear the one about the prefrontal cortex?    http://www.nature.com/nsu/010301/010301-7.html

» Origins of the specious    Andrew Brown explains why 'Introducing Evolutionary Psychology', the latest in Icon Books' popular series of comic books on important subjects, has been withdrawn from sale while 10,000 stickers are pasted over the face of Steven Rose.    http://www.guardian.co.uk/Archive/Article/0,4273,3936439,00.html

» Palaeoanthropology and politics    Norman Levitt reflects on the Kennewick Man affair.    http://www.spiked-online.com/Articles/0000000053AD.htm

» Perfect pitch may help babies speak    US researchers say everyone may be born with perfect pitch to help them learn the skills of language.    http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/in_depth/sci_tech/2001/san_francisco/1179664.stm

» Prediction and Accommodation in Evolutionary Psychology    Ketelaar and Ellis have provided a remarkably clear and succinct statement of Lakatosian philosophy of science and have also argued compellingly that evolutionary theory fills the Lakatosian criteria of a progressivity.    http://philosophy.wisc.edu/forster/papers/Lakatos.htm

» Psychological brain damage    Martin Teicher and colleagues report four types of brain damage caused by psychological abuse.    http://www.psych.org/pnews/01-03-02/abuse.html

» Psychology    Psychology will soon be transformed by both neuroscience and evolutionary psychology, predicts primatologist Frans B.M. de Waal, PhD.    http://www.apa.org/monitor/apr01/darwin.html

» Reproductive greontology    The relationship between aging and the risk of producing offspring with gene-influenced illnesses.    http://www.guardian.co.uk/Archive/Article/0,4273,4170048,00.html

» Ring-breaker drives dove love    Leonida Fusani and colleagues discover the role of aromatase in courtship behaviour.    http://www.nature.com/nsu/010503/010503-2.html

» Scholarship and the History of the Behavioural Sciences    A paper that first appeared in History of Science 2: 1-51, 1966.    http://www.human-nature.com/rmyoung/papers/paper57.html

» Science -- Human genome    The special issue on the first draft of the human genome.    http://www.sciencemag.org/content/vol291/issue5507/

» Social Power and Self Deception    Social evolution and social influence: selfishness, deception, self-deception. A scholarly paper by Mario F. Heilmann, University of California at Los Angeles.    http://www.a3.com/myself/ravenpap.htm

» Sociobiology Sanitized: The Evolutionary Psychology and Genic Selectionism Debates    Socio-political overview of the circumstances leading to the development of Evolutionary Psychology as distinct from Sociobiology, by Val Dusek. This web page is associated with the Science-as-Culture mailing list and journal.    http://human-nature.com/science-as-culture/dusek.html

» Sport and genetics    Stephen Jay Gould and Kipchoge Keino on why athletic achievement isn't in the genes.    http://www.medsci.org/archives/athleticgene.html

» Steven Pinker: the mind reader    In room 10-250 at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, the brightest undergraduates in America are filing in for the start of their Thursday afternoon lecture. These students, taking psychology 101, are drawn from a wide range of ethnic backgrounds,    http://www.guardian.co.uk/Archive/Article/0,4273,3926387,00.html

» Stone Age bosses aren't all that bad    Applied to business, as Nigel Nicholson does in his book Managing The Human Animal (Texere, £18.99), Evolutionary Psychology suggests that most organisational practice runs directly against the grain of human programming.    http://www.guardian.co.uk/Archive/Article/0,4273,4116809,00.html

» Swanson et al. 98 (5): 2509    A new study by Willie J. Swanson and colleagues provides evidence of sperm competition and sexual conflict.    http://www.pnas.org/cgi/content/abstract/98/5/2509

» The Darwin Debate    This essay appeared in Marxism Today 26 (no.4), April 1982, pp. 20-22.    http://www.human-nature.com/rmyoung/papers/paper83.html

» The Development of Herbert Spencer's Concept of Evolution    A paper delivered to the Eleventh International Congress of the History of Science, Warsaw, August 1965 and published in Actes du Xle Congres International d'Histoire des Sciences Warsaw: Ossolineum, 1967, vol. 2, pp. 273-78.    http://www.human-nature.com/rmyoung/papers/spencer.html

» The Evolution of Ethics    A theory concerning the integration of ethics and science using cybernetic theory as a logical foundation.    http://www.evolutionaryethics.com

» The Functions of the Brain: Gall to Ferrier (1808-1886)    An online paper on mind, brain, and adaptation in the nineteenth century. It was published in Isis 59: 251-68, 1968.    http://www.human-nature.com/rmyoung/papers/func.html

» The Human Limits of Nature    'The Limits of Human Nature' was the title of the London Institute of Contemporary Arts winter lecture series for 1971-72. The distinguished group of contributors, included Alan Ryan, Arthur Koestler, David Bohm, Raymond Williams and John Maynard Smith. T    http://www.human-nature.com/rmyoung/papers/paper43.html

» The Meanings of Darwinism: Then and Now?    Charles Darwin grew up in Shrewsbury, Shropshire and attended Shrewsbury School for seven years. The school held a Millennium Conference on 'Darwinism and Ethics for the Next Millennium' on 16 October 1999. Papers were given by Mary Midgley, Matt Ridley,    http://www.human-nature.com/rmyoung/papers/pap124.html

» The Naturalization of Value Systems in the Human Sciences    This essay first appeared as an Open University Course Unit for 'Science and Belief: from Darwin to Einstein', Block VI: Problems in the Biological and Human Sciences. Milton Keynes: Open University Press, 1981, pp. 63-110.    http://www.human-nature.com/rmyoung/papers/paper45.html

» The adaptive nature of the human neurocognitive architecture: An alternative model    The model of the human neurocognitive architecture proposed by evolutionary psychologists is based on the presumption that the demands of hunter-gatherer life generated a vast array of cognitive adaptations. Here we present an alternative model.    http://www.pnas.org/cgi/content/full/95/19/11290

» The cognitive skills of Neanderthals    Neanderthals were predators.    http://www.pnas.org/cgi/content/full/97/13/7663

» The sweet smell of the immune system    Manfred Milinski and Claus Wedekind find evidence for the hypothesis that "perfumes are selected "for self" to amplify in some way body odors that reveal a person's immunogenetics".    http://www.nature.com/nsu/010308/010308-10.html

» To Love, Honour and Deceive    Long-term relationships are fundamentally dishonest. And it's all women's fault, new research suggests.    http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/1296607.stm

» Unconscious    Philip Wong and Howard Shevrin have uncovered neurobiological evidence for the human unconscious state.    http://www.psych.org/pnews/01-03-02/brain.html

» What if Human Nature Is Historical    This essay moves from pure ideology about changing human nature to using biofeedback as a transitional topic to spelling out the desiderata for treating human nature as a historical project.    http://www.human-nature.com/rmyoung/papers/paper61.html

» Why elephants don't forget    A study of African elephants reveals that dominant females build up a social memory as they get older, helping the herd to survive.    http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/1285532.stm

» Why we're all getting brighter    Dumbing down? Don't believe it. Scientists have proved we are smarter now than ever before, largely because we watch TV, surf the net, and spend hours chatting to friends.    http://www.guardian.co.uk/Archive/Article/0,4273,4173806,00.html

» You've got a lot to answer for, Charlie Darwin    Is psychology frozen in the Pleistocene era? Hilary and Steven Rose are sure it must have evolved since then.    http://www.guardian.co.uk/Archive/Article/0,4273,4039888,00.html